海南医科大学学报

目的:研究彩色多普勒超声应用于小儿甲状腺结节和甲状腺癌的诊断价值。方法:选取在我院治疗的60例小儿甲状腺结节进行研究,所有患儿行彩色多普勒超声诊断,根据诊断资料分析良性甲状腺结节和甲状腺癌,以结节性质分组,分别为良性结节组,恶性结节组,比较两组的纵横比、边界模糊、钙化情况、血流信号分级等情况。结果:60例甲状腺结节患儿行彩色多普勒超声检查共诊断出95个结节,49例为良性结节,共有结节80个,占82.11%,11例甲状腺癌,共有结节15个,占15.79%。活检穿刺病理学证实,良性结节77个,恶性结节18个,以病理结果为金标准,则彩色多普勒超声的特异性为90%、敏感性为66.67%,超声诊断准确率为86.32%。两种性质结节在边界、纵横比、钙化、回声、阻力指数等方面比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);但两组舒张末期血流速度(EDV)和收缩期峰值血流速度(PSV)水平之间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:彩色多普勒超声具有操作简单、准确率高、无创无痛、可反复检测等优势,高频探头可清晰显示微小病变、血流信号、回声、钙化点等变化,能够及时诊断出甲状腺癌,为临床治疗提供有利依据,具有重要的临床预警价值,尤其适用于儿童甲状腺检查。

Objective: To study the diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasound in children with thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer.Methods:Sixty children with thyroid nodules treated in our hospital from March 2017 to March 2018 were enrolled. All patients underwent color Doppler ultrasound diagnosis. According to the diagnostic data, benign thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer were analyzed. The nodule nature was grouped into benign nodule group and malignant nodule group. The aspect ratio, boundary blur, calcification and blood flow signal grading were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 95 nodules were diagnosed by color Doppler ultrasonography in 60 cases of thyroid nodules. 49 cases were benign nodules. There were 80 nodules, accounting for 82.11%, 11 cases of thyroid cancer, and 15 nodules. Accounted for 15.79%. Biopsy puncture pathology confirmed 77 benign nodules and 18 malignant nodules. The pathological results were gold standard. The specificity of color Doppler ultrasound was 90%, the sensitivity was 66.67%, and the accuracy of ultrasound diagnosis was 86.32. %. The two nodules were statistically significant in terms of boundary, aspect ratio, calcification, echo, and resistance index(P<0.05), but the end-diastolic blood flow velocity(EDV) and peak systolic blood flow velocity(There was no statistical difference between the PSV levels(P>0.05).Conclusion:Color Doppler ultrasound has the advantages of simple operation, high accuracy, non-invasive and painless, and can be repeatedly detected. The high-frequency probe can clearly show changes such as microscopic lesions, blood flow signals, echoes, calcifications, etc., and can diagnose thyroid cancer in time. It provides a favorable basis for clinical treatment and has important clinical warning value, especially for children with thyroid examination.