海南医科大学学报

目的:了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情期间高校大学生对疫情的认知、态度及行为(简称知信行,KAP)的现况,为大学生复学和校园防控工作提供理论依据。方法:对16 410名大学生进行了问卷调查,回收问卷16 410份,有效问卷14 034份,利用统计软件对调查数据进行χ²检验、方差分析和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果:大学生对新冠肺炎知识的总知晓率为85%,知识平均得分为(70.4±10.0),高认知占比为74.5%。大学生态度平均得分为(3.78±0.55),只有3.9%大学生持积极态度。大学生防护行为平均得分为19.35±1.69,48.8%大学生采取良好的防护行为。二元logistic回归分析显示:高认知的学生采取良好防护行为的比例高于低认知学生(95%CI:0.621～0.752),持积极态度的学生采取良好行为的比例高于持消极态度的学生(95%CI:1.398～2.009)。Spearman相关分析结果显示:认知与态度呈弱正相关(r=0.056,P<0.05),认知与行为呈弱正相关(r=0.118,P<0.05),态度与行为也呈弱正相关(r=0.038,P<0.05)。结论:大学生对新冠肺炎的总体认知上较好,但在关注态度和防护行为方式上还需进一步提高,应加强对大学生新冠肺炎疫情防控知识教育、行为干预和心理疏导,提高防控能力和身体素质。

Objective: To understand the current situation of college students' knowledge, cognitive attitude and behavior towards the prevention and control of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) during the epidemic, so as to provide theoretical basis for college students' resumption of study and campus prevention and control. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 16 410 college students by using the convenient sampling method of one-way analysis of variance and logistic regression analysis of the survey data. Results: The total awareness rate of college students on COVID-19 was 85%, the average knowledge score was(70.4±10.0), and the proportion of high cognition was 74.5%. The average attitude score of college students was(3.78±0.55), and only 3.9% of them held a positive attitude. The average score of college students' protective behaviors was(19.35±1.69), and 48.8% of them took good protective behaviors. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the proportion of students with high cognition who adopt good protective behaviors is higher than that of students with low cognition [95% confidential interval(CI): 0.621-0.752]. The proportion of students with a positive attitude to adopt good behaviors was higher than that with a negative attitude(95% CI: 1.398-2.009). Spearman rank correlation analysis results showed that there was a weak positive correlation between cognition and attitude(r=0.056,P<0.05), and a weak positive correlation between cognition and behavior(r=0.118,P<0.05), and a weak positive correlation between attitude and behavior(r=0.038,P<0.05). Conclusion: College students have a good overall cognition of COVID-19, but their attitudes and protective behaviors need to be further improved. Therefore, knowledge education, behavioral intervention and psychological counseling on COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control among college students should be strengthened to improve their prevention and control ability and physical quality.